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Ambrose, Dunston P.
- Ecotype Selection of Acanthaspis pedestris Stål (Heteroptera:Reduviidae) for Mass Multiplication by UPGMA Cluster Analysis
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Eritrea Institute of Technology, Mai Nefhi, Eritrea, North East Africa
2 St. Xavier’s College, Kathmandu, NP
3 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier’s College, Palayankottai – 627 002, IN
1 Eritrea Institute of Technology, Mai Nefhi, Eritrea, North East Africa
2 St. Xavier’s College, Kathmandu, NP
3 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier’s College, Palayankottai – 627 002, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 1, No 1 (2007), Pagination: 1-5Abstract
Acanthaspis pedestris Stål is an important reduviid predator found in the scrub jungles and agroecosystems of India predating on a number of insect pests and it is used as a bio-control agent. But its use is limited due to its scarcity at times when pests are often most abundant. The only possible way to overcome this difficulty is to mass culture this predator in the laboratory and supply them to the farmers. The practice of mass culturing leads to inbreeding which renders the species ultimately less effective against the pests. In order to overcome this shortfall, the morphological and biological characteristics of A. pedestris collected from seven ecotypes were subjected to UPGMA cluster analysis and the distantly related ecotypes were identified. By this method, it is possible to select and use two distantly related ecotypes for mating which can restore the genetic variability. Thus, the suggested approach makes the biocontrol agent effective even under mass culturing.Keywords
A. Pedestris, Ecotype Selection, Mass Multiplication, UPGMA Cluster Analysis, Pest Management, BiocontrolFull Text
References
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- Claver MA and Ambrose DP (2001b) Impact of augmentative release of Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose and Livingstone (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) on Dysdercus cingulatus (Fabricius)(Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) population and damage on cotton. J. Biol. Control. 15. 119–125.
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- Functional Response of Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) to Teak Skeletonizer Eutectona machaeralis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Abstract Views :246 |
PDF Views:118
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St.Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St.Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 24, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 175-178Abstract
The Harpactorine reduviid Rhynocoris fuscipes (Fabricius) exhibited type II Holling's curvilinear functional response to teak skeletonizer Eutectona machaeralis Walker. The predator's attack rate increased as the prey density was increased. The maximum predations represented by 'k' values were 5.67 and 4.67 for female and male predators, respectively. But the highest attack ratios (y/x) (2.53 and 2.36 for female and male predators) were obtained at 1 prey/predator density and the lowest attack ratios (0.70 and 0.58 for female and male predators) at 8 prey/predator density. Positive correlations were obtained between the prey density and the prey killed for both female and male predators. But negative correlations were obtained between the prey density and searching time for both female and male predators. At high prey density, the predators spent less time in searching, therefore spent more time in handling, whereas at low prey density it was found reverse. However, handling time varied due to factors such as rate of pursuit of predator and prey escape or prey capture success.Keywords
Functional Response, Rhynocoris fuscipes, Reduviidae, Eutectona machaeralis, Pyralidae.Full Text
- Impact of Intraspecific Competition on the Predation of Irantha armipes (Stal) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) on Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)
Abstract Views :246 |
PDF Views:147
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Scott Christian College, Nagercoil 629003, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier’s College, Palayankottai 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Zoology, Scott Christian College, Nagercoil 629003, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier’s College, Palayankottai 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 4 (2009), Pagination: 381-384Abstract
Intraspecific competition was found to affect the predation of assassin bug, Irantha armipes (Stal) on cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and quickened predatory acts such as capturing, paralyzing and sucking with reduction in the number of piercing and sucking sites. The impact of competition on predation increased in proportion to the number of competitors confronted.Keywords
Assassin Bug, Irantha armipes, Intraspecific Competition, Predation, Helicoverpa armigera.Full Text
References
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- Functional Response of Acanthaspis quinquespinosa (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) on Coptotermes Heimi (Wasmann)
Abstract Views :207 |
PDF Views:125
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai - 627002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai - 627002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 1 (2008), Pagination: 163-168Abstract
Functional response of Acanthaspis quinquespinosa (Fabricius) to the termite, Coptotermes heimi (Wasmann), was studied in the laboratory. The adults of A. quinquespinosa responded to the increasing prey density of C. heimi by killing more number of them than killed at lower densities, thus exhibiting type II functional response. The searching capacity of A. quinquespinosa increased with increasing termite density and this reflected its predatory potential.Keywords
Acanthaspis quinquespinosa, Coptotermes heimi, Functional Response, Reduviidae, Termite.Full Text
- Impact of Insecticide Synergy-505 on the Functional Response of a Non-Target Reduviid Predator Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) Feeding on Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Abstract Views :227 |
PDF Views:117
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai, 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 2 (2008), Pagination: 283-290Abstract
Functional response studies in normal and Synergy-505 exposed adult males and females of Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) feeding on Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) revealed Holling's type II curvilinear decelerating responses. However, Synergy-505 caused less pronounced type II functional response with reduced number of prey killed, attack rate and searching time and prolonged handling and recovery times in both adult males and females of R. margiuatus reflecting reduced predatory potential.Keywords
Assassin Bug, Functional Response, Rhynocoris marginatus, Spodoptera litura, Synergy-505.Full Text
- Effect of Insecticides on the Intrinsic Rate of Natural Increase of Rhynocoris Marginatus (Fabricius)
Abstract Views :271 |
PDF Views:116
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 20, No 2 (2006), Pagination: 153-158Abstract
Sub-lethal concentrations of two commonly used insecticides methyl parathion (0,0009%) and endosulfan (0.0123%) on the life table parameters were evaluated in a reduviid Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) in the laboratory. Both the insecticides reduced the gross as well as net reproductive rates to considerable levels. The study revealed that the values of intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (X) in control insects, namely, 0.043 and 1.044 were also drastically reduced by the insecticides (0.029 and 1.029, and 0.040 and 1.04 for methyl parathion and endosulfan, respectively). Between the two insecticides, methyl parathion caused the maximum reductions in weekly multiplication rate and annual rate of increase.Keywords
Effect, Endosulfan, Insecticides, Life Table, Methyl Parathion, Rhynocoris marginatus.Full Text
- Impact of Augmentative Release of Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose & Livingstone (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) on Dysdercus cingulatus (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) Population and Damage on Cotton
Abstract Views :243 |
PDF Views:132
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College Palayankottai 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College Palayankottai 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 15, No 2 (2001), Pagination: 119-125Abstract
An attempt was made to augment Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose and Livingstone in a cotton field to suppress Dysdercus cingulatus (Fabricius). The first release of adult stage of R. kumarii did not affect the number of adult D. cingulatus in the released and control field plots. The second release of R. kumarii in egg stage also did not significantly affect the number of first instar D. cingulatus. The third release of R. kumarii in III instar did not affect the number of II and III nymphal instars of D. cingulatus. However, after the fourth release of V instar stage of R. kumarii there was significantly fewer IV, V and adult D. cingulatus in predator released plots compared to non-released (control) plots. Plant damage by D. cingulatus was less severe in predator released plots than in non-released control plots. There was no difference in the number of predatory arthropods, such as Menocholis sp., Orius sp., Geocoris sp., Cantheconidia sp., Rhynocoris fusciepes, Mantis sp. and spiders found in released and non-released field plots. The percentage of good quality cotton and yield of seed-cotton was greater in released plots tllan in non-released control plots.Keywords
Augmentative Release, Biocontrol Potential, Dysdercus cingulatus, Rhynocoris Kumarii.Full Text
- Effect of Insecticides on the Post-Embryonic Development in Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) (Heteroptera:Reduviidae)
Abstract Views :226 |
PDF Views:140
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627 002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 12, No 2 (1998), Pagination: 113-118Abstract
The effect of sub-lethal concentrations of monocrotophos, dimethoate, methyl parathion, quinalphos and endosulfan in the post-embryonic developmental characteristics viz. stadial period, body weight, fecundity and longevity of Rhynocoris marginatus (Fabricius) was studied. All the insecticides except endosulfan increased stadial period, decreased body weight, fecundity and longevity.
Keywords
Insecticides, Post-Embryonic Development, Rhynocoris marginatus, Sub-Lethal Concentration.Full Text
- Size Preference and Functional Response of the Reduviid Predator Rhynocoris marginatus Fabricius (Heteroptera:Reduviidae) to its Prey Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)
Abstract Views :237 |
PDF Views:140
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 10, No 1&2 (1996), Pagination: 29-37Abstract
Laboratory and field cage experiments were carried out to assess the prey and size preference of the reduviid predator Rhynocoris marginatus Fabricius. It preferred Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) over Euproctis mollifera Walker and Mylabris pustulata Thunberg. The relationship between preference for different sizes of S. litura and the predator, was directly proportional. Functional response of adult female R. marginatus to its most preferred prey size of S. litura revealed that the predator responded positively to the changing abundance of prey and exhibited Holling's second model of functional response. The possibilities of utilising R. marginatus to control S. litura in cotton ecosystem is discussed.
Keywords
Cotton Ecosystem, Euproctis mollifera, Functional Response, Mylabris pustulata, Rhynocoris marginatus, Size Preference, Spodoptera litura.Full Text
- Functional Response of Rhynocoris fuscipes Fabricius (Heteroptera:Reduviidae) to Riptortus clavatus Thunberg (Heteroptera:Alydidae)
Abstract Views :229 |
PDF Views:110
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai-627002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai-627002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 9, No 2 (1995), Pagination: 74-77Abstract
Functional response of the reduviid predator, Rhynocoris fuscipes Fabricius to the bean bug Riptortus clavatus Thunberg was studied in pigeonpea branch terminals using field cages. Rhynocoris fuscipes positively responded to the changing abundance of prey andexhiblted Holling's second model of functional response. The searching capacity of R. fuscipes increased with increasing prey density. The considerable number of prey consumed by the predator per day at higher prey density than at lower density reflected the predator's biocontrol potential.Keywords
Functional Response, Handling Time, Prey Density, Rhynocoris fuscipes, Riptortus clavatus, Searching Time.Full Text
- Food Requirement of Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose & Livingstone (Heteroptera, Reduviidae)
Abstract Views :219 |
PDF Views:106
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 9, No 1 (1995), Pagination: 47-50Abstract
Rhynocoris kumarii Ambrose & Living stone was reported as a potential predator of various insects such as Achaea janata Linnaeus, Anomis flava Fabricius, Calacoris angustatus Lethierry, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton, Dysdercus cingulatus Fabricius, Earias insulana Biosdual, Earias vitella Fabricius, Ergolis merione Costa, Euproctis fraterna Moore, Euproctis scintillans Walker, Eupterote mollifera Walker, Helicoverpa armigera Hubner, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Mylabris pustulata Thunberg, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa, Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, Patanga succinota (Linnaeus), Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders and Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Ambrose, 1985, 1988, 1995). It inhabits concealed micro habitats especially underneath the stones (Ambrose and Livingstone, 1987).Keywords
R. kumarii, D. venusta, Reduviid Predator, Food Requirement, Predatory Value, Conversion Ratio.Full Text
- Stage and Host Preference and Functional Response of a Reduviid Predator Acanthaspis pedestris Stal to Four Cotton Pests
Abstract Views :224 |
PDF Views:118
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 8, No 1 (1994), Pagination: 23-26Abstract
The host and stage preference of Acanthaspis pedestris Stal an important reduviid predator of many insect pests in South India were studied using four cotton pests, such as Earias insulana Boisdual, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). The functional response was also studied on P. gossypiella, The results revealed that medium sized larvae were preferred in case of E. insulana (78.87 %), H. armigera (83.33%) and S. Litura (66.66%) while in case of P. gossypiella (75.0 %), only larger larvae were preferred by the predator. The bug preferred P.gossypiella (31.28%) to H. armigera (29.74%). Functional response showed a linear relationship between the number of prey offered and the number consumed. The females were found to be better predators than the males.Keywords
Acanthaspis pedestris, Biocontrol Agent, Cotton Pests, Earias insulana , Helicoverpa armigera , Pectinophora gossypiella, Spodoptera litura, Host and Stage Preference, Functional Response.Full Text
- Predatory Potential and Stage Preference of a Reduviid Predator Allaeocranum quadrisignatum Reuter on Dysdercus cingulatus Fabricius
Abstract Views :203 |
PDF Views:117
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 7, No 1 (1993), Pagination: 12-14Abstract
Predatory potential and stage preference of the reduviid predator,
Allaeocranum quadrisignatum Reuter were studied under laboratory
conditions. The total developmental period on an average was 84.06 days. The younger nymphal instars (I to III) of the predator consumed lesser number of prey than the older (IV & V) nymphal instars. The predatory rate gradually increased as the nymphal development progressed. The nymphs and adults preferred the I and II instar nymphs respectively of Dysdercus cingulatus Fabricius.
Keywords
Allaeocranum quadrisignatum, Dysdercus cingulatus, Predatory Potential, Stage Preference.Full Text
- Food Requirement of Rhinocoris fuscipes Fab. (Heteroptera, Reduviidae)
Abstract Views :207 |
PDF Views:108
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St.Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St.Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 7, No 2 (1993), Pagination: 102-104Abstract
Rhinocoris fuscipes Fab. was reported as a potential predator of various insect pests (Cherian, 1937; Singh and Gangrade, 1975; Kumaraswami, 1991; Singh a,nd Singh, 1987). In the present work, the food requirement of R. fuscipes has been assessed in terms of predatory value (Fewkes, 1960). The predatory value and conversion ratio were taken as indices to determine whether there was a characteristic fixed value or variable range for each instar of the species. It will also help to find out the optimum stage of the predator, wherein quicker control over the pest can be achieved after releasing them in the field.Keywords
R. fuscipes, Predatory Value, Food Requirement, Biocontrol Agent, Reduviid Predator.Full Text
- Biology and Predatory Potential of a Reduviid Predator, Oncocephalus annulipes Stal. (Hemiptera:Reduviidae)
Abstract Views :209 |
PDF Views:116
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627 002, IN
1 Department of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 3, No 1 (1989), Pagination: 24-27Abstract
The biology and predatory potential of Oncocephalus annulipes Stal., an alate, entomophagous, multivoltine assassin bug predating on several insect pests was studied in the laboratory. The insect laid pale luteous, oval eggs with creamy white concave operculum without any cementing material 14 days after emergence. The eggs hatched in 7 to 24 days and the pale ochraccious nymphs acquired dark grey colour with annulations in appendages within 1 h. Total stadial period from I instar to adult ranged from 40 to 15 days. Males and females lived 52 and 36.5 days respectively. The sex ratio was slightly female biased. The insect preyed upon larvae of IIeliothis armigera (IIbn.), Spodoptera litura F. and Earias spp.Keywords
Oncocephalus annulipes, Biology Predatory Potential, Heliothis armigera, Spodoptera litura, Earias spp.Full Text
- Functional Response of the Reduviid Predator Rhinocoris marginatus Fabr. on the Cotton Stainer Dysdercus cingulatus Fabr.
Abstract Views :209 |
PDF Views:113
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai- 627 002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai- 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 4, No 1 (1990), Pagination: 22-24Abstract
The present work elucidates the functlonal response of the reduviid predator Rhinocoris marginatus Fabricius on the prey Dysdercus cingulatus FabricIus, showing a linear relationship between the amount of food consumption and the prey density. The female and male R. marginatus consumed 1.7 and 1.9 prey/predator, respectively at the density of 2 red cotton bugs, but consumed more number of bugs (13.166 and 20 prey/predator respectively) at the density of 32 red cotton bugs during the same duration (24 h). This response, exhibits the predator's searching capacity, which Increases with prey population and thus reflecting its utility value as a biocontrol agent of red cotton bug D. cingulatus.Keywords
Rhinocoris marginatus, Bio-Control Agent, Dysdercus cingulatus, Cotton Stainer, Functional Response.Full Text
- Biology and Prey Preference of Sycanus versicolor Dohrn (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)
Abstract Views :208 |
PDF Views:126
Authors
Affiliations
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St.Xavier's College, Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
1 Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, St.Xavier's College, Palayankottai - 627 002, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 6, No 2 (1992), Pagination: 67-71Abstract
Sycanus versicolor Dohrn is an alate, entomophagous, multlvoltine, harpactorinae reduviid found in the Courtallam tropical evergreen forests of Southern India. Investigations on the biology revealed that it laid the first batch of eggs 13 days after emergence. The eggs hatched in 9-10 days. Total stadial period from I instar to adult ranged from 52-69 days. The adult males and females lived for 23.5 and 44 days, respectively. The sex ratio was male biased (1.0:0.6). S. versicolor preferred Heliothts armigera Hubner than Earias insulana Boisdual which was evidenced from the highest predatory value, the largest amount of food taken and the shortest stadial period observed when H. armigera was given as prey.
Keywords
Sycanus versicolor, Biology, Pest Preference, Heliothis armigera, Earias insulana.Full Text